Concept of surface roughness, surface finish and surface integrity
Surface roughness refers to localized deviation of a surface from its nominal level; surface finish indicates quality surface with the help of various attributes like fine, rough, good, poor, etc.; and surface integrity covers overall surface condition of the workpiece. Read detail…
Difference between surface roughness and surface finish
In the context of machining, two phrases—surface roughness and surface finish are commonly used to characterize the quality of machined surface. Surface roughness refers to the height of macro and micro asperities present on finished surface; while surface finish indicates quality of that surface using various attributes like fine, rough, good, poor, etc. Read detail…
Difference between surface roughness and surface integrity
Roughness refers to height of macro and micro asperities present on finished surface; while integrity covers overall surface condition. Integrity consists of a wider spectrum of surface characteristics which also includes surface roughness. Read detail…
Surface roughness formulas in conventional machining
Formulas for calculation of surface roughness or surface finish in various conventional machining processes are given here. Maximum surface roughness and average surface roughness formulas for turning are given here. Read detail…
Derive formula for surface roughness in turning with a rounded tool
No tool is perfectly sharp. Formula for surface roughness in turning when a rounded tip cutting tool with sufficient edge radius is used is given here. Formula and its derivation are discussed here with the help of suitable diagrams. Read detail…
Derive formula for surface roughness in turning with a sharp tool
Formula for surface roughness in turning when a sharp cutting tool with negligible edge radius is used is given here. Formula and its derivation are discussed here with the help of suitable diagrams. Read detail…
Which tool produces smoother surface – rounded tool or sharp tool?
A rounded tip cutting tool can provide substantially better surface finish as compared to a sharp tool for same feed rate, tool angles and depth of cut in straight turning. Explanation with the help of diagram is provided here. Read detail…
Various sources for surface roughness in conventional machining
A list of possible sources that can influence level of surface finish (or surface roughness) achievable by a particular machining process under specific cutting conditions are discussed here. Fish-bone diagram for sources of surface roughness in machining is also given here. Read detail…
How to control surface roughness in conventional machining?
Various ways of reducing surface roughness in machining include reducing feed rate, utilizing cutting tool having proper geometry, eliminating chances of BUE formation, reducing vibration, reducing tool wear rate, tool tip modification, etc. Read detail…
Enlist various steps to improve surface integrity in machining
Various steps that can be considered to improve surface finish in machining are tight control of process parameters, choosing appropriate cutting tool, control vibration in machine tool, control cutting temperature, eliminate chances of BUE formation. Read detail…
Measurement of surface roughness using instruments
Surface roughness can be estimated using few machining parameters and certain tool angles, but how to directly measure roughness? Various types of instruments used for measuring purposes include profilometers and microscopes. Read detail…